Have you ever dropped food coloring into water and watched how it's movement? It creates a swirling motion as it diffuses through water. Eventually the dye will fully mix and create a uniform color because it is soluble in water. To be able to constantly view this swirling effect, you have to use a substance that isn't soluble with water, but still mixes with it. Mica powder suspended in water is a great way to achieve this effect. This is called a rheoscopic fluid. By adding this suspension to a snow globe or jar, you can create a fun sensory activity that is both captivating and calming. This tutorial will guide you through the process of creating a rheoscopic fluid snow globe, also known as a galaxy bottle.
I recently had a fun opportunity to show a group of 8-year-old girls how to make these galaxy globes at a birthday party. There were 9 kids and we made an assembly line with the globe supplies. We worked our way down the line and they all had so much fun making them. One of the girls kept saying, “this is so satisfying” the whole way through making her globe. I agree with her! Afterwards I noticed a couple of the girls holding on to their globes and shaking them up for the rest of the party. I even caught a couple of the parents playing with them - I'm glad I'm not the only one here, I do this all the time at home!
What is Rheoscopic Fluid?
Rheoscopic fluid is a liquid that helps visualize fluid flow and currents. It contains tiny suspended particles, such as mica powder, that align and move with the flow of the fluid. As the fluid flows or is agitated, the particles align themselves with the direction of the current. This alignment creates shimmering trails that beautifully illustrate the unseen currents within the fluid. By observing the swirly effects, you can gain insights into how liquids circulate and interact.
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Your List of Ingredients
1/8 teaspoon Mica powder
2 1/4 cup Distilled water: Use distilled water to ensure clarity and prevent impurities from affecting the visibility of the fluid.
1/2 teaspoon Glycerin: Optional but recommended, as it helps reduce surface tension and enhance fluid flow
2 marbles for mixing up the fluid in the globe
Step 1: Let’s Get Started
Prepare your snow globe: Remove the base or plug from the snow globe, ensuring that it's clean and free from any debris or residue.
Step 2: Mix the rheoscopic fluid
In a separate container, combine just over 2 cups of distilled water with 1/8 teaspoon mica powder. I recommend using a finer powder. Some of the powders in the kit I used weren't as fine and looked more glittery. These still result in a beautiful fluid but it didn't give the same swirling effect that I was going after. It's better to start small with the mica powder, adding too much actually decreases visualization of the currents.
Step 3: Add the glycerin
Optional, but recommended: Add a 1/2 teaspoon of glycerin to the mixture to improve fluid flow. Stir well to ensure all the components are thoroughly mixed. Glycerin may also provide some anti-microbial effects to keep your globe lasting longer.
Step 4: Prepare the globe
Pour the rheoscopic fluid into the snow globe: I like to over-fill and make a globe without bubbles, but this will decrease the swirling motion. To help create an easier swirl, I highly recommend dropping in two clean marbles.
Step 5: Seal the base
Seal the base of the globe by using water-proof glue or epoxy. Carefully spread the glue on the inner seal close to the top, careful not to add too much or it will drip into the globe. If you over-filled yours like mine, placing the inner seal onto the globe will get messy so do it over a sink or some dish to catch the excess fluid. To try to prevent trapping bubbles, slowly insert the seal at an angle. Screw on the outer base, then prop the snow globe base side up and allow the glue to dry for several hours.
Step 6: Observe and Enjoy
Shake the snow globe gently or tilt it to create fluid movement. Watch as the mica particles align and create captivating patterns that mimic the flow of the fluid. Take your time to appreciate the intricate details and the beauty of fluid dynamics.
You have captured rheoscopic fluid in a globe!
By making your own rheoscopic fluid snow globe, you can bring fluid dynamics to life. Watch as the mica particles dance and twirl, showing the hidden currents of the fluid. It's not just a mesmerizing display; it's also an opportunity to explore the science. So, gather your materials, and enjoy this STEAM craft!
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